[Linux-bruxelles] Quel est le Meilleur Linux pour un portable "convertible" ou "hybrid" ou "2-in-1" ?

Mer 17 Juin 12:15:08 CEST 2020

TLDNR = too long, didn't read : le texte gagnerait en lisibilité et
donnerait envie de le lire ( au lieu, comme moi, de ne parcourir qu'en
diagonale )
J'ai tricia sur trois machines, donc oui, testée.
Mint n'est qu'une "saveur" d'ubuntu... La base étant commune, ce n'est que
question de cosmétique.
" un linux populaire " ? A voir :
https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emmabunt%C3%BCs  que j'"ai installé chez des
non-informaticiens avec succès et satisfaction sur du matériel léger ou un
peu phase-out. Il reste à voir si elle s'installe sur ta machine. A tester !

On Wed, Jun 17, 2020 at 11:38 AM leo smith <joycreativity66 at gmail.com>
wrote:

>
> Merci à tous,
> 1) TLDNR: suis débutant, ne connais pas
> 2) Mint tricia:
> https://www.numetopia.fr/quoi-de-neuf-dans-linux-mint-19-3-tricia/
> l'as-tu essayée ?
> 3) je n'ai pas envie d'avoir une multitude de version différentes sur les
> ordis: c'est déjà assez compliqué comme ça. je veux un bon à tout faire
> Soit je garde Ubuntu pour les trois, soit autre chose
>
> *Au bxlug, on mettait ubuntu, puis maintenant Mint : pourquoi ce
> changement ? *
>
> *4) "Arch (ou peut-être même Manjaro), mais du coup ça place la barre
> haut": ç-à-d? *
> 4) "Gentoo en unstable ou nightly et je partirais à l'aventure": c'est du
> chinois pour moi
> Non, je veux des systèmes qui fonctionnent  sans grandes études : je mets
> Linux par conviction du libre, pas pour faire de l'informatique (je n'ai ni
> don, ni temps )*, mais pour avoir un outil libre qui doit être facilement
> compréhensible, directement opérationnel ( et pas réservée à quelques
> initiés ) et qui m'apporte ce que je demande . Un Linux populaire, quoi ! *
>
>
> Le lun. 15 juin 2020 à 13:58, Depuydt, Patrick <patrick at htag2.com> a
> écrit :
>
>> Hello,
>>
>> Bein, clairement moi je choisis la 4, Arch (ou peut-être même Manjaro),
>> mais du coup ça place la barre haut. Tu dois bien connaitre ton système
>> pour ne serait-ce qu'installer l'os. Par contre c'est probablement la
>> solution la plus flexible.
>>
>> Ceci dit dans l'ensemble je ne me ferais pas trop d'illusions: "*Support
>> for cheap Windows 10 tablets is extremely flaky at present, but the
>> situation is improving. The problem remains that relatively few techies are
>> using these tablets, so developing support for them is poor.*" -- Ceci
>> dit ton article date d'il y a quatre ans... donc il y a peut-être espoir,
>> va savoir,...
>>
>> A vrai dire moi dans un cas comme celui là, j'utiliserais plutot un
>> Gentoo en unstable ou nightly et je partirais à l'aventure... quitte a
>> mettre un peu les mains dans le cambouis; la question c'est en réalité:
>> combien de temps tu est prêt à mettre pour y arriver?
>>
>> Pat.
>>
>> On Mon, Jun 15, 2020 at 12:24 AM leo smith <joycreativity66 at gmail.com>
>> wrote:
>>
>>> Bonjour,
>>> J'ai Linux Mint ( EN DUAL BOOT ) vraiment *inutilisable en tablette sur
>>> un portable "convertible" ou "hybrid" ou "2-in-1" ?: *
>>> caractères trop petits et alors que, sur Windows , on scrolle sur la
>>> page, il faut scroller sur des colonnes ultra-fines, copier-coller, etc
>>> Bref, après deux jours, exaspéré, je suis revenu à Windows !
>>> Avec les articles ci-dessous, j'en ai trouvé QUATRE CONSEILLES
>>> QUESTION: LEQUEL PRENDRE DES QUATRE OU ALORS UN AUTRE ?
>>> *1) Xfce*
>>> *site web http://roland65.free.fr/xfe/*
>>> *https://sourceforge.net/projects/xfe/*
>>> 2) GNOME
>>> soit http://gnomefr.org/
>>> 3) Ubuntu version spéciale
>>>
>>>    - *unofficialofficialquasiubuntu14043ltsreleased
>>>    <http://www.linuxium.com.au/how-tos/unofficialofficialquasiubuntu14043ltsreleased>
>>>    *
>>>    - * ubuntu-14.04.3.png
>>>    <http://www.linuxium.com.au/how-tos/unofficialofficialquasiubuntu14043ltsreleased/ubuntu-14.04.3.png>*
>>>
>>> 4) Debian 8.3 (Jessie)
>>> https://www.debian.org/
>>>
>>>
>>> *Donc j'ai cherché articles *
>>> *1) en français:*
>>> et voici une réponse Google à :"meilleur linux pour pc hybride
>>> convertible"
>>> *https://www.tablette-tactile.net/hybride/linux-pc-192100/
>>> <https://www.tablette-tactile.net/hybride/linux-pc-192100/>*
>>> Vu les Conclusion: ben pas de mint
>>>
>>> Comme vous avez pu le voir, *l'installation d'une distribution
>>> GNU/Linux sur un hybride est tout à fait possible*. Il faut juste
>>> prendre le temps de bien peser le pour et le contre, faire des essais ainsi
>>> que des sauvegardes. Pour commencer, une distribution comme Ubuntu ou Mint
>>> est un bon choix . Vous perdrez peut-être quelques composants pas forcément
>>> essentiels *(sic !!!) * comme la caméra  (resic !) ou certaines
>>> fonctions tactiles. *(lesquelles?)* Malgré tout, le jeu en vaut la
>>> chandelle : vous aurez un contrôle total sur votre PC 2-en-1.
>>>
>>> Pour  info:
>>>
>>> <https://forum-francophone-linuxmint.fr/viewtopic.php?t=6504>
>>> Installation de Linux Mint 18.2 sur PC hybride 2 en 1 (PC ...
>>> <https://forum-francophone-linuxmint.fr/viewtopic.php?t=6504>
>>>
>>> https://forum-francophone-linuxmint.fr/viewtopic.php?t=6504
>>> *2) En anglais: *
>>> https://fr.qwe.wiki/wiki/2-in-1_PC
>>> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2-in-1_PC
>>> j'ai trouvé ceci en notes de bas de pages:
>>> *https://www.techradar.com/news/software/operating-systems/install-linux-on-your-x86-tablet-five-distros-to-choose-from-1162825
>>> <https://www.techradar.com/news/software/operating-systems/install-linux-on-your-x86-tablet-five-distros-to-choose-from-1162825>*
>>> En faisant une recherche Google: " Best Linux for 2-in-1 pc" : j'ai
>>> trouvé par exemple ceci
>>> *https://www.slant.co/topics/7075/~linux-desktop-environments-for-convertible-laptops
>>> <https://www.slant.co/topics/7075/~linux-desktop-environments-for-convertible-laptops>*
>>>
>>> *Vos avis ?*
>>> *Merci de vos réponses:*
>>> Leo
>>>
>>> a) The Best 1 of 18 Options
>>> Why?
>>> Best Linux desktop environments for convertible laptopsPriceLicenseProgramming
>>> Language
>>>
>>> *91*
>>> *1) Xfce*
>>> *site web http://roland65.free.fr/xfe/*
>>> *https://sourceforge.net/projects/xfe/*
>>> - GPL mostly C
>>>
>>> *88*
>>> *2) Gnome*
>>> *http://gnomefr.org/*
>>> Ubuntu Touch:
>>> Discontinued
>>> Ubuntu Touch is discontinued and now not available due to lack of market
>>> share
>>> b) Install Linux on your x86 tablet: 5 distros to choose from
>>>
>>> By Nick Peers <https://www.techradar.com/author/nick-peers> February
>>> 13, 2016
>>>
>>> What's the best distro for your new low-cost 2-in-1 device?
>>> Introduction
>>>
>>> *Note: Our install Linux on your x86 tablet feature has been fully
>>> updated. This article was first published in July 2013.*
>>>
>>> These days, one of the few growth markets for PC devices is the Windows-powered
>>> tablet
>>> <https://www.techradar.com/news/mobile-computing/tablets/tablets-are-more-unpopular-than-ever-except-for-windows-slates-1314188>.
>>> While they're superficially designed as touch-friendly tablets, they can be
>>> converted into 2-in-1 devices with the addition of a plugin keyboard, which
>>> allows you to effectively use the tablet as a touch-friendly laptop instead.
>>>
>>> Most modern hybrids are powered by Intel's Bay Trail Atom chips – they
>>> use the x86 chipset, but are seriously underpowered compared to the
>>> high-powered Intel Core i7, i5 and even i3 chips. Nevertheless, they're
>>> perfectly serviceable for low-end Windows work, and come with Windows 10
>>> preinstalled.
>>>
>>>    - These are the best Linux training providers and online courses in
>>>    2017 <https://www.techradar.com/best/best-linux-training-providers>
>>>
>>> But where are the Linux-powered tablets? We think there's a massive gap
>>> in the market, and while we wait for it to be filled we thought to
>>> ourselves: why not get hold of a Bay Trail tablet and install Linux on it?
>>> After all, if it's x86-based then we can install pretty much anything on
>>> it, right?
>>>
>>> Erm, not quite. It turns out you can't just install any old Linux distro
>>> on a Bay Trail tablet. Nevertheless, with some insider knowledge and a
>>> healthy dose of trial and error, it is possible to get a Linux-powered
>>> tablet. Of sorts. Read on to find out how.
>>>
>>> How we tested
>>>
>>> We splashed out £140 (around $200, AU$290) on a Linx 1010 Windows 10
>>> tablet with add-on keyboard – it's powered by a quad-core Atom Z3735F
>>> processor, 2GB RAM, and has a 1280 x 800 10.1-inch WXGA capacitive screen,
>>> seventh-generation Intel HD graphics and 32GB eMMC internal storage.
>>>
>>> It includes Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, dual cameras, two full-size USB 2.0 ports
>>> and a microSD slot – so it's a complete piece of kit. In addition there's
>>> an accelerometer that – among other things – allows the display to be
>>> rotated when turned on its side.
>>>
>>> Our aim was to find an all-out distro that could emulate all our
>>> tablet's core features: graphics, sound, Wi-Fi, power management and
>>> touchscreen. Sadly, things are complicated by the fact that this particular
>>> generation of tablets pair a 64-bit processor with 32-bit EFI, leaving you
>>> stuck between a rock and a hard place: no 32-bit distro supports EFI, while
>>> most 64-bit distros are currently only engineered to work with 64-bit EFIs.
>>>
>>> We quickly found a solution to that particular problem in the form of a
>>> handy bootia32.efi file
>>> <https://github.com/jfwells/linux-asus-t100ta/blob/master/boot/bootia32.efi>
>>> from John Wells. The long and short of it is that if this is copied to the
>>> EFI/BOOT folder on supported bootable Linux USB drives, you should at least
>>> get as far as the Grub menu, and often much further too.
>>>
>>> Two distros we tried didn't need this workaround, and they proved to be
>>> the two we had most success with, going beyond the basic USB live boot to a
>>> full-blown install on the tablet's internal storage. Note, before doing
>>> this you should back up your tablet using a tool like Macrium Reflect
>>> Free <http://www.macrium.com/reflectfree.aspx>, otherwise you won't be
>>> able to go back to Windows 10.
>>>
>>> 1) Ubuntu 14.04.3
>>>
>>> We found the LTS release of Ubuntu impossible to get anywhere with *until
>>> we discovered Ian Morrison's custom build
>>> <http://www.linuxium.com.au/Downhome/latest/unofficialofficialquasiubuntu14043ltsreleased>
>>> for Z3735F-based desktops*.
>>>
>>> Page not found
>>> We're sorry, but we were unable to locate the page you requested.
>>>
>>> *Here are some similar pages from this site:*
>>>
>>>    - *unofficialofficialquasiubuntu14043ltsreleased
>>>    <http://www.linuxium.com.au/how-tos/unofficialofficialquasiubuntu14043ltsreleased>
>>>    *
>>>    - * ubuntu-14.04.3.png
>>>    <http://www.linuxium.com.au/how-tos/unofficialofficialquasiubuntu14043ltsreleased/ubuntu-14.04.3.png>*
>>>
>>> We downloaded the ISO and copied to a USB flash drive using Unetbootin
>>> in Ubuntu, then popped it in one of the Linx's USB ports, launched to the
>>> boot menu and were successfully able to boot it as a live USB.
>>>
>>> We first had to head into Settings > Display to turn the display 90
>>> degrees clockwise to put it in landscape mode so it would work with our
>>> keyboard. There was no sound or touch support, but the Wi-Fi worked.
>>>
>>> When it came to installing Ubuntu, we had to tread carefully – manually
>>> partitioning the drive to ensure the original EFI boot partition was left
>>> intact, and then setting that partition (Windows Boot Loader) for the boot
>>> loader installation.
>>>
>>> *Once installation was complete, we then had to install a 32-bit version
>>> of Grub following Ian Morrison's handy script and tutorial
>>> <http://www.linuxium.com.au/Downhome/latest/unofficialofficialubuntuonintelz3735fdevices>
>>> before successfully rebooting direct into Ubuntu. Others have used this
>>> patch with other distros too, including Linux Mint 17.2.*
>>>
>>> We then updated Linux, installed Ian's dsdt patch and found ourselves
>>> with a functional Ubuntu environment, albeit one without sound or touch.
>>> Neither was the AC power detected, with Ubuntu convinced we were running on
>>> battery only – a problem common to all distros in this test. We also had no
>>> control over the device's brightness, but at least we had a distro we could
>>> use.
>>>
>>> We pushed the boat further by upgrading the kernel to 4.3.3 with mixed
>>> results: we gained a usable touchscreen, but at the expense of stability
>>> and the internal Wi-Fi adapter (the stability issue was fixed with a Grub
>>> setting, while we retained internet connectivity by plugging in a USB Wi-Fi
>>> adapter). We're hopeful that in time we may be able to get the internal
>>> adapter working again, plus start work on getting other hardware recognised
>>> too.
>>>
>>> 2) Debian 8.3 (Jessie)
>>>
>>> There's no live CD support for Bay Trail tablets, but both 32-bit and
>>> 64-bit installer images work out of the box with 32-bit EFI, so we simply
>>> had to create the installer USB drive with the stock image. There's no
>>> touch support in the installer – you'll need access to your plug-in
>>> keyboard – and it demanded the non-free rt2860.bin file before it would
>>> work with our Raspberry Pi-friendly Wi-Fi adapter.
>>>
>>> We had to quit the installer, pop the USB flash drive into a PC and
>>> download firmware-ralink_0.43_all.deb
>>> <https://packages.debian.org/jessie/firmware-ralink> to the drive.
>>>
>>> We then restarted the installer, which now detected the Wi-Fi adapter
>>> automatically, allowing us to connect to the network. From here, the rest
>>> of the install process was extremely straightforward. We chose to manually
>>> partition the drive to preserve the original EFI and Windows rescue
>>> partitions at the front of the drive, and everything proceeded smoothly.
>>>
>>> We picked the default Gnome desktop and were able to glide through the
>>> potentially tricky part of setting up Grub without having to get our hands
>>> dirty at all. The installer finished, we rebooted and there Debian was,
>>> ready to go.
>>>
>>> We first used Display settings to rotate the screen by 90 degrees. Sadly
>>> hardware support was minimal – no touchscreen, internal Wi-Fi, sound or
>>> power management. Upgrading to kernel 4.2 had no effect on anything,
>>> although it appeared the internal Wi-Fi adapter was at least now recognised
>>> (if not working).
>>>
>>> 3) Fedora
>>>
>>> All paths for running Fedora point to the Fedlet remix
>>> <https://www.happyassassin.net/fedlet-a-fedora-remix-for-bay-trail-tablets/>.
>>> We struggled to get it to boot beyond the splash screen, a "timed out"
>>> error blocking our every attempt at progress. We subsequently discovered
>>> the problem was with Unetbootin, so created the bootable drive using Rufus
>>> in Windows – it gave us a choice of using ISO or 'dd' mode, and picking the
>>> latter resulted in an image we could use.
>>>
>>> Results were similar to those we had with Debian – basic functionality
>>> was there, and we did at least have rudimentary touchscreen support in that
>>> tapping the screen would move the cursor and select options. But there was
>>> no sound, power management or control over the display brightness, and we
>>> could only get internet access through our trusty USB Wi-Fi adapter.
>>>
>>> Fedlet uses the Gnome shell, and this had a noticeable effect on
>>> performance, with the distro much less responsive than Debian or Ubuntu –
>>> indeed, it slowed down to a crawl after a relatively short amount of time,
>>> making it next to unusable.
>>>
>>> We attempted to try the LXDE spin of Fedora 23
>>> <https://spins.fedoraproject.org/en/lxde/>, but thanks to the way Rufus
>>> wrote the disc (as a hidden partition) we were unable to add the EFI folder
>>> from Fedlet to it. We tried injecting the folder directly into the ISO
>>> image using Free WinISO Maker
>>> <https://go.redirectingat.com/?id=92X363&xcust=trd_1449047697858424000&xs=1&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.winiso.com%2Fproducts%2Fwiniso-free.html&sref=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.techradar.com%2Fnews%2Fsoftware%2Foperating-systems%2Finstall-linux-on-your-x86-tablet-five-distros-to-choose-from-1162825>,
>>> but that didn't work either. Not that it should stop you – others have
>>> reported success
>>> <http://nmilosev.svbtle.com/running-fedora-linux-on-an-intel-baytrail-tablet>
>>> with their own non-Fedlet projects.
>>>
>>> *Rating: 6/10*
>>>
>>> 4) Arch Linux
>>>
>>> Our experiment with Arch Linux involved a specialised version that
>>> supported SDIO Wi-Fi and 32-bit UEFI from WatchMySys
>>> <http://watchmysys.com/blog/2015/12/arch-linux-and-sdio-wifi-on-a-bay-trail-tablet/>.
>>> The drive worked, but left us hanging at the Grub menu – there were
>>> instructions for getting beyond here, although the Linx's keyboard insisted
>>> on acting in Function Lock mode, which meant holding down the [Fn] key to
>>> get the right syntax. From here we booted into a command line, where
>>> thankfully the [Fn] key was functioning correctly, simplifying the process
>>> of following the rest of the guide.
>>>
>>> We were pleased to see our built-in Wi-Fi adapter was recognised by this
>>> version of Arch, but were left hanging with, "Now you should be able to SSH
>>> to your tablet from another computer, and complete the installation."
>>>
>>> It's at this point you realise just how complicated Arch Linux is for
>>> newcomers – we'd strongly recommend you only go further if you're
>>> comfortable following the command line. For an idea of what's involved,
>>> check out the Arch Linux Wiki
>>> <https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Beginners'_guide>.
>>> 5) Porteus
>>>
>>> We ran through a number of other distros without success before finally
>>> striking gold again. Porteus is a slim-line Linux installation designed to
>>> run from removable media such as a USB flash drive, making it – on paper –
>>> a good choice for those who want to run Linux on their tablet without
>>> affecting the underlying Windows installation.
>>>
>>> We visited the Porteus build page <http://build.porteus.org/> where we
>>> specified a 64-bit, UEFI-based version with GUI. We opted for the
>>> lightweight LXQt desktop interface, and added a browser and word processor
>>> to the list of apps. Our downloaded ISO image was then written to a 500MB
>>> USB flash drive, and we subsequently copied the bootia32.efi file to the
>>> EFI\BOOT directory as with so many other distros.
>>>
>>> This allowed us to boot as far as the Grub command line, whereupon we
>>> used our experience from other distros (and a handy forum post
>>> <https://forum.porteus.org/viewtopic.php?f=61&t=5364&p=40571&hilit=porteus+refind#p40571>)
>>> to get Porteus up and running with the following four commands:
>>>
>>> *$ set root=hd0,msdos1*
>>>
>>> *$ linux /boot/syslinux/vmlinuz root=/dev/sda1*
>>>
>>> *$initrd /boot/syslinux/initrd.xz*
>>>
>>> *$boot*
>>>
>>> This took us to the Porteus desktop in no time at all, but as with the
>>> other distros we had to rotate the screen 90 degrees clockwise to make
>>> things more comfortable. Sadly there's no option in the Settings pane, so
>>> we used the following Terminal command:
>>>
>>> *$ xrandr --output UNKNOWN1 --rotate right*
>>>
>>> Unfortunately, very little worked – there was no touch support to go
>>> with the by now almost mandatory lack of sound and built-in Wi-Fi, although
>>> we were able to get online after rebooting with our failsafe USB Wi-Fi
>>> adapter plugged in.
>>>
>>> The biggest problem with Porteus is the lack of persistence in the live
>>> USB environment. This means we'll need to install it to the USB to see if
>>> we can get it to run, but it's a job for someone with more patience and
>>> time than we have, sadly.
>>>
>>> *Rating: 5/10*
>>> Conclusion
>>>
>>> *Support for cheap Windows 10 tablets is extremely flaky at present, but
>>> the situation is improving.* The problem remains that relatively few
>>> techies are using these tablets, so developing support for them is poor.
>>>
>>> We tried many distros with varying degrees of success – some won't
>>> support the 32-bit UEFI come what may, while others will at least get you
>>> as far as the Grub menu, allowing you to pick your way through the live
>>> environment.
>>>
>>> Complicating matters is installation – in our roundup, *only Debian and
>>> the specially constructed build of Ubuntu were successfully installed*,
>>> and even then the lack of hardware support is crippling these tablets in
>>> terms of practical usage.
>>>
>>> *That said, we have high hopes for Ubuntu – *and we've picked this
>>> distro as our overall winner. We'll be striving over the next few months to
>>> see if we're able to get more hardware working with it, but for now it is
>>> at least a functional touchscreen tablet, albeit a rather basic one!
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
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