[Linux-bruxelles] Quel est le Meilleur Linux pour un portable "convertible" ou "hybrid" ou "2-in-1" ?

[leo smith]

Merci à tous,
1) TLDNR: suis débutant, ne connais pas
2) Mint tricia:
https://www.numetopia.fr/quoi-de-neuf-dans-linux-mint-19-3-tricia/
l'as-tu essayée ?
3) je n'ai pas envie d'avoir une multitude de version différentes sur les
ordis: c'est déjà assez compliqué comme ça. je veux un bon à tout faire
Soit je garde Ubuntu pour les trois, soit autre chose

*Au bxlug, on mettait ubuntu, puis maintenant Mint : pourquoi ce changement
? *

*4) "Arch (ou peut-être même Manjaro), mais du coup ça place la barre
haut": ç-à-d? *
4) "Gentoo en unstable ou nightly et je partirais à l'aventure": c'est du
chinois pour moi
Non, je veux des systèmes qui fonctionnent  sans grandes études : je mets
Linux par conviction du libre, pas pour faire de l'informatique (je n'ai ni
don, ni temps )*, mais pour avoir un outil libre qui doit être facilement
compréhensible, directement opérationnel ( et pas réservée à quelques
initiés ) et qui m'apporte ce que je demande . Un Linux populaire, quoi ! *


Le lun. 15 juin 2020 à 13:58, Depuydt, Patrick <patrick at htag2.com> a écrit :

> Hello,
>
> Bein, clairement moi je choisis la 4, Arch (ou peut-être même Manjaro),
> mais du coup ça place la barre haut. Tu dois bien connaitre ton système
> pour ne serait-ce qu'installer l'os. Par contre c'est probablement la
> solution la plus flexible.
>
> Ceci dit dans l'ensemble je ne me ferais pas trop d'illusions: "*Support
> for cheap Windows 10 tablets is extremely flaky at present, but the
> situation is improving. The problem remains that relatively few techies are
> using these tablets, so developing support for them is poor.*" -- Ceci
> dit ton article date d'il y a quatre ans... donc il y a peut-être espoir,
> va savoir,...
>
> A vrai dire moi dans un cas comme celui là, j'utiliserais plutot un Gentoo
> en unstable ou nightly et je partirais à l'aventure... quitte a mettre un
> peu les mains dans le cambouis; la question c'est en réalité: combien de
> temps tu est prêt à mettre pour y arriver?
>
> Pat.
>
> On Mon, Jun 15, 2020 at 12:24 AM leo smith <joycreativity66 at gmail.com>
> wrote:
>
>> Bonjour,
>> J'ai Linux Mint ( EN DUAL BOOT ) vraiment *inutilisable en tablette sur
>> un portable "convertible" ou "hybrid" ou "2-in-1" ?: *
>> caractères trop petits et alors que, sur Windows , on scrolle sur la
>> page, il faut scroller sur des colonnes ultra-fines, copier-coller, etc
>> Bref, après deux jours, exaspéré, je suis revenu à Windows !
>> Avec les articles ci-dessous, j'en ai trouvé QUATRE CONSEILLES
>> QUESTION: LEQUEL PRENDRE DES QUATRE OU ALORS UN AUTRE ?
>> *1) Xfce*
>> *site web http://roland65.free.fr/xfe/*
>> *https://sourceforge.net/projects/xfe/*
>> 2) GNOME
>> soit http://gnomefr.org/
>> 3) Ubuntu version spéciale
>>
>>    - *unofficialofficialquasiubuntu14043ltsreleased
>>    <http://www.linuxium.com.au/how-tos/unofficialofficialquasiubuntu14043ltsreleased>
>>    *
>>    - * ubuntu-14.04.3.png
>>    <http://www.linuxium.com.au/how-tos/unofficialofficialquasiubuntu14043ltsreleased/ubuntu-14.04.3.png>*
>>
>> 4) Debian 8.3 (Jessie)
>> https://www.debian.org/
>>
>>
>> *Donc j'ai cherché articles *
>> *1) en français:*
>> et voici une réponse Google à :"meilleur linux pour pc hybride
>> convertible"
>> *https://www.tablette-tactile.net/hybride/linux-pc-192100/
>> <https://www.tablette-tactile.net/hybride/linux-pc-192100/>*
>> Vu les Conclusion: ben pas de mint
>>
>> Comme vous avez pu le voir, *l'installation d'une distribution GNU/Linux
>> sur un hybride est tout à fait possible*. Il faut juste prendre le temps
>> de bien peser le pour et le contre, faire des essais ainsi que des
>> sauvegardes. Pour commencer, une distribution comme Ubuntu ou Mint est un
>> bon choix . Vous perdrez peut-être quelques composants pas forcément
>> essentiels *(sic !!!) * comme la caméra  (resic !) ou certaines
>> fonctions tactiles. *(lesquelles?)* Malgré tout, le jeu en vaut la
>> chandelle : vous aurez un contrôle total sur votre PC 2-en-1.
>>
>> Pour  info:
>>
>> <https://forum-francophone-linuxmint.fr/viewtopic.php?t=6504>
>> Installation de Linux Mint 18.2 sur PC hybride 2 en 1 (PC ...
>> <https://forum-francophone-linuxmint.fr/viewtopic.php?t=6504>
>>
>> https://forum-francophone-linuxmint.fr/viewtopic.php?t=6504
>> *2) En anglais: *
>> https://fr.qwe.wiki/wiki/2-in-1_PC
>> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2-in-1_PC
>> j'ai trouvé ceci en notes de bas de pages:
>> *https://www.techradar.com/news/software/operating-systems/install-linux-on-your-x86-tablet-five-distros-to-choose-from-1162825
>> <https://www.techradar.com/news/software/operating-systems/install-linux-on-your-x86-tablet-five-distros-to-choose-from-1162825>*
>> En faisant une recherche Google: " Best Linux for 2-in-1 pc" : j'ai
>> trouvé par exemple ceci
>> *https://www.slant.co/topics/7075/~linux-desktop-environments-for-convertible-laptops
>> <https://www.slant.co/topics/7075/~linux-desktop-environments-for-convertible-laptops>*
>>
>> *Vos avis ?*
>> *Merci de vos réponses:*
>> Leo
>>
>> a) The Best 1 of 18 Options
>> Why?
>> Best Linux desktop environments for convertible laptopsPriceLicenseProgramming
>> Language
>>
>> *91*
>> *1) Xfce*
>> *site web http://roland65.free.fr/xfe/*
>> *https://sourceforge.net/projects/xfe/*
>> - GPL mostly C
>>
>> *88*
>> *2) Gnome*
>> *http://gnomefr.org/*
>> Ubuntu Touch:
>> Discontinued
>> Ubuntu Touch is discontinued and now not available due to lack of market
>> share
>> b) Install Linux on your x86 tablet: 5 distros to choose from
>>
>> By Nick Peers <https://www.techradar.com/author/nick-peers> February 13,
>> 2016
>>
>> What's the best distro for your new low-cost 2-in-1 device?
>> Introduction
>>
>> *Note: Our install Linux on your x86 tablet feature has been fully
>> updated. This article was first published in July 2013.*
>>
>> These days, one of the few growth markets for PC devices is the Windows-powered
>> tablet
>> <https://www.techradar.com/news/mobile-computing/tablets/tablets-are-more-unpopular-than-ever-except-for-windows-slates-1314188>.
>> While they're superficially designed as touch-friendly tablets, they can be
>> converted into 2-in-1 devices with the addition of a plugin keyboard, which
>> allows you to effectively use the tablet as a touch-friendly laptop instead.
>>
>> Most modern hybrids are powered by Intel's Bay Trail Atom chips – they
>> use the x86 chipset, but are seriously underpowered compared to the
>> high-powered Intel Core i7, i5 and even i3 chips. Nevertheless, they're
>> perfectly serviceable for low-end Windows work, and come with Windows 10
>> preinstalled.
>>
>>    - These are the best Linux training providers and online courses in
>>    2017 <https://www.techradar.com/best/best-linux-training-providers>
>>
>> But where are the Linux-powered tablets? We think there's a massive gap
>> in the market, and while we wait for it to be filled we thought to
>> ourselves: why not get hold of a Bay Trail tablet and install Linux on it?
>> After all, if it's x86-based then we can install pretty much anything on
>> it, right?
>>
>> Erm, not quite. It turns out you can't just install any old Linux distro
>> on a Bay Trail tablet. Nevertheless, with some insider knowledge and a
>> healthy dose of trial and error, it is possible to get a Linux-powered
>> tablet. Of sorts. Read on to find out how.
>>
>> How we tested
>>
>> We splashed out £140 (around $200, AU$290) on a Linx 1010 Windows 10
>> tablet with add-on keyboard – it's powered by a quad-core Atom Z3735F
>> processor, 2GB RAM, and has a 1280 x 800 10.1-inch WXGA capacitive screen,
>> seventh-generation Intel HD graphics and 32GB eMMC internal storage.
>>
>> It includes Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, dual cameras, two full-size USB 2.0 ports
>> and a microSD slot – so it's a complete piece of kit. In addition there's
>> an accelerometer that – among other things – allows the display to be
>> rotated when turned on its side.
>>
>> Our aim was to find an all-out distro that could emulate all our tablet's
>> core features: graphics, sound, Wi-Fi, power management and touchscreen.
>> Sadly, things are complicated by the fact that this particular generation
>> of tablets pair a 64-bit processor with 32-bit EFI, leaving you stuck
>> between a rock and a hard place: no 32-bit distro supports EFI, while most
>> 64-bit distros are currently only engineered to work with 64-bit EFIs.
>>
>> We quickly found a solution to that particular problem in the form of a
>> handy bootia32.efi file
>> <https://github.com/jfwells/linux-asus-t100ta/blob/master/boot/bootia32.efi>
>> from John Wells. The long and short of it is that if this is copied to the
>> EFI/BOOT folder on supported bootable Linux USB drives, you should at least
>> get as far as the Grub menu, and often much further too.
>>
>> Two distros we tried didn't need this workaround, and they proved to be
>> the two we had most success with, going beyond the basic USB live boot to a
>> full-blown install on the tablet's internal storage. Note, before doing
>> this you should back up your tablet using a tool like Macrium Reflect
>> Free <http://www.macrium.com/reflectfree.aspx>, otherwise you won't be
>> able to go back to Windows 10.
>>
>> 1) Ubuntu 14.04.3
>>
>> We found the LTS release of Ubuntu impossible to get anywhere with *until
>> we discovered Ian Morrison's custom build
>> <http://www.linuxium.com.au/Downhome/latest/unofficialofficialquasiubuntu14043ltsreleased>
>> for Z3735F-based desktops*.
>>
>> Page not found
>> We're sorry, but we were unable to locate the page you requested.
>>
>> *Here are some similar pages from this site:*
>>
>>    - *unofficialofficialquasiubuntu14043ltsreleased
>>    <http://www.linuxium.com.au/how-tos/unofficialofficialquasiubuntu14043ltsreleased>
>>    *
>>    - * ubuntu-14.04.3.png
>>    <http://www.linuxium.com.au/how-tos/unofficialofficialquasiubuntu14043ltsreleased/ubuntu-14.04.3.png>*
>>
>> We downloaded the ISO and copied to a USB flash drive using Unetbootin in
>> Ubuntu, then popped it in one of the Linx's USB ports, launched to the boot
>> menu and were successfully able to boot it as a live USB.
>>
>> We first had to head into Settings > Display to turn the display 90
>> degrees clockwise to put it in landscape mode so it would work with our
>> keyboard. There was no sound or touch support, but the Wi-Fi worked.
>>
>> When it came to installing Ubuntu, we had to tread carefully – manually
>> partitioning the drive to ensure the original EFI boot partition was left
>> intact, and then setting that partition (Windows Boot Loader) for the boot
>> loader installation.
>>
>> *Once installation was complete, we then had to install a 32-bit version
>> of Grub following Ian Morrison's handy script and tutorial
>> <http://www.linuxium.com.au/Downhome/latest/unofficialofficialubuntuonintelz3735fdevices>
>> before successfully rebooting direct into Ubuntu. Others have used this
>> patch with other distros too, including Linux Mint 17.2.*
>>
>> We then updated Linux, installed Ian's dsdt patch and found ourselves
>> with a functional Ubuntu environment, albeit one without sound or touch.
>> Neither was the AC power detected, with Ubuntu convinced we were running on
>> battery only – a problem common to all distros in this test. We also had no
>> control over the device's brightness, but at least we had a distro we could
>> use.
>>
>> We pushed the boat further by upgrading the kernel to 4.3.3 with mixed
>> results: we gained a usable touchscreen, but at the expense of stability
>> and the internal Wi-Fi adapter (the stability issue was fixed with a Grub
>> setting, while we retained internet connectivity by plugging in a USB Wi-Fi
>> adapter). We're hopeful that in time we may be able to get the internal
>> adapter working again, plus start work on getting other hardware recognised
>> too.
>>
>> 2) Debian 8.3 (Jessie)
>>
>> There's no live CD support for Bay Trail tablets, but both 32-bit and
>> 64-bit installer images work out of the box with 32-bit EFI, so we simply
>> had to create the installer USB drive with the stock image. There's no
>> touch support in the installer – you'll need access to your plug-in
>> keyboard – and it demanded the non-free rt2860.bin file before it would
>> work with our Raspberry Pi-friendly Wi-Fi adapter.
>>
>> We had to quit the installer, pop the USB flash drive into a PC and
>> download firmware-ralink_0.43_all.deb
>> <https://packages.debian.org/jessie/firmware-ralink> to the drive.
>>
>> We then restarted the installer, which now detected the Wi-Fi adapter
>> automatically, allowing us to connect to the network. From here, the rest
>> of the install process was extremely straightforward. We chose to manually
>> partition the drive to preserve the original EFI and Windows rescue
>> partitions at the front of the drive, and everything proceeded smoothly.
>>
>> We picked the default Gnome desktop and were able to glide through the
>> potentially tricky part of setting up Grub without having to get our hands
>> dirty at all. The installer finished, we rebooted and there Debian was,
>> ready to go.
>>
>> We first used Display settings to rotate the screen by 90 degrees. Sadly
>> hardware support was minimal – no touchscreen, internal Wi-Fi, sound or
>> power management. Upgrading to kernel 4.2 had no effect on anything,
>> although it appeared the internal Wi-Fi adapter was at least now recognised
>> (if not working).
>>
>> 3) Fedora
>>
>> All paths for running Fedora point to the Fedlet remix
>> <https://www.happyassassin.net/fedlet-a-fedora-remix-for-bay-trail-tablets/>.
>> We struggled to get it to boot beyond the splash screen, a "timed out"
>> error blocking our every attempt at progress. We subsequently discovered
>> the problem was with Unetbootin, so created the bootable drive using Rufus
>> in Windows – it gave us a choice of using ISO or 'dd' mode, and picking the
>> latter resulted in an image we could use.
>>
>> Results were similar to those we had with Debian – basic functionality
>> was there, and we did at least have rudimentary touchscreen support in that
>> tapping the screen would move the cursor and select options. But there was
>> no sound, power management or control over the display brightness, and we
>> could only get internet access through our trusty USB Wi-Fi adapter.
>>
>> Fedlet uses the Gnome shell, and this had a noticeable effect on
>> performance, with the distro much less responsive than Debian or Ubuntu –
>> indeed, it slowed down to a crawl after a relatively short amount of time,
>> making it next to unusable.
>>
>> We attempted to try the LXDE spin of Fedora 23
>> <https://spins.fedoraproject.org/en/lxde/>, but thanks to the way Rufus
>> wrote the disc (as a hidden partition) we were unable to add the EFI folder
>> from Fedlet to it. We tried injecting the folder directly into the ISO
>> image using Free WinISO Maker
>> <https://go.redirectingat.com/?id=92X363&xcust=trd_1449047697858424000&xs=1&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.winiso.com%2Fproducts%2Fwiniso-free.html&sref=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.techradar.com%2Fnews%2Fsoftware%2Foperating-systems%2Finstall-linux-on-your-x86-tablet-five-distros-to-choose-from-1162825>,
>> but that didn't work either. Not that it should stop you – others have
>> reported success
>> <http://nmilosev.svbtle.com/running-fedora-linux-on-an-intel-baytrail-tablet>
>> with their own non-Fedlet projects.
>>
>> *Rating: 6/10*
>>
>> 4) Arch Linux
>>
>> Our experiment with Arch Linux involved a specialised version that
>> supported SDIO Wi-Fi and 32-bit UEFI from WatchMySys
>> <http://watchmysys.com/blog/2015/12/arch-linux-and-sdio-wifi-on-a-bay-trail-tablet/>.
>> The drive worked, but left us hanging at the Grub menu – there were
>> instructions for getting beyond here, although the Linx's keyboard insisted
>> on acting in Function Lock mode, which meant holding down the [Fn] key to
>> get the right syntax. From here we booted into a command line, where
>> thankfully the [Fn] key was functioning correctly, simplifying the process
>> of following the rest of the guide.
>>
>> We were pleased to see our built-in Wi-Fi adapter was recognised by this
>> version of Arch, but were left hanging with, "Now you should be able to SSH
>> to your tablet from another computer, and complete the installation."
>>
>> It's at this point you realise just how complicated Arch Linux is for
>> newcomers – we'd strongly recommend you only go further if you're
>> comfortable following the command line. For an idea of what's involved,
>> check out the Arch Linux Wiki
>> <https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Beginners'_guide>.
>> 5) Porteus
>>
>> We ran through a number of other distros without success before finally
>> striking gold again. Porteus is a slim-line Linux installation designed to
>> run from removable media such as a USB flash drive, making it – on paper –
>> a good choice for those who want to run Linux on their tablet without
>> affecting the underlying Windows installation.
>>
>> We visited the Porteus build page <http://build.porteus.org/> where we
>> specified a 64-bit, UEFI-based version with GUI. We opted for the
>> lightweight LXQt desktop interface, and added a browser and word processor
>> to the list of apps. Our downloaded ISO image was then written to a 500MB
>> USB flash drive, and we subsequently copied the bootia32.efi file to the
>> EFI\BOOT directory as with so many other distros.
>>
>> This allowed us to boot as far as the Grub command line, whereupon we
>> used our experience from other distros (and a handy forum post
>> <https://forum.porteus.org/viewtopic.php?f=61&t=5364&p=40571&hilit=porteus+refind#p40571>)
>> to get Porteus up and running with the following four commands:
>>
>> *$ set root=hd0,msdos1*
>>
>> *$ linux /boot/syslinux/vmlinuz root=/dev/sda1*
>>
>> *$initrd /boot/syslinux/initrd.xz*
>>
>> *$boot*
>>
>> This took us to the Porteus desktop in no time at all, but as with the
>> other distros we had to rotate the screen 90 degrees clockwise to make
>> things more comfortable. Sadly there's no option in the Settings pane, so
>> we used the following Terminal command:
>>
>> *$ xrandr --output UNKNOWN1 --rotate right*
>>
>> Unfortunately, very little worked – there was no touch support to go with
>> the by now almost mandatory lack of sound and built-in Wi-Fi, although we
>> were able to get online after rebooting with our failsafe USB Wi-Fi adapter
>> plugged in.
>>
>> The biggest problem with Porteus is the lack of persistence in the live
>> USB environment. This means we'll need to install it to the USB to see if
>> we can get it to run, but it's a job for someone with more patience and
>> time than we have, sadly.
>>
>> *Rating: 5/10*
>> Conclusion
>>
>> *Support for cheap Windows 10 tablets is extremely flaky at present, but
>> the situation is improving.* The problem remains that relatively few
>> techies are using these tablets, so developing support for them is poor.
>>
>> We tried many distros with varying degrees of success – some won't
>> support the 32-bit UEFI come what may, while others will at least get you
>> as far as the Grub menu, allowing you to pick your way through the live
>> environment.
>>
>> Complicating matters is installation – in our roundup, *only Debian and
>> the specially constructed build of Ubuntu were successfully installed*,
>> and even then the lack of hardware support is crippling these tablets in
>> terms of practical usage.
>>
>> *That said, we have high hopes for Ubuntu – *and we've picked this
>> distro as our overall winner. We'll be striving over the next few months to
>> see if we're able to get more hardware working with it, but for now it is
>> at least a functional touchscreen tablet, albeit a rather basic one!
>>
>>
>>
>>
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